Para empezar el día, cruzaremos el majestuoso Quebrada de las Conchas, declarada patrimonio natural de la Humanidad, es un cañón de 65 km de formaciones rocosas sedimentarias de las eras Mesozoica y Cenozoica (90-60 millones de años). Su característico color rojo se debe a la presencia de óxido férrico en sus depósitos minerales. El nombre de "las Conchas" deriva de la abundante cantidad de colonias fósiles de conchas marinas, peces y moluscos, testimonio del clima tropical húmedo que dominó la zona en tiempos remotos.
Luego recorreremos las desérticas tierras altas de la Puna, un camino de 150 km que asciende entre imponentes paisajes en la tierra de los volcanes más altos del mundo. A la altura del puerto de montaña más alto de la ruta, encontraremos una inmensa duna de arena.
Después llegaremos al pequeño oasis de "El Peñón" donde pasaremos la noche.
Noche en la Hostería de Altura El Peñón.

Our adventure begins today at the edge of the Campo de Piedra Pómez. Upon reaching the Carachi Pampa basin, we will see that the homonymous volcano is located on its margins, surrounded by black lava fields and a lagoon, where the Andean flamingo and the James (or puna) flamingo can be found. During the dry season a small salt lake forms around the lagoon.

Later, our trip will continue towards the Campo de Piedra Pómez Nature Reserve, a strange and impressive landscape that emerged from the erosion of the rock that gives it its name: Pómez.

Of purely igneous origin, it was produced from a massive explosion of the volcanic stratum. This explosion was so powerful that if it could have been seen, it would have been similar to the mushroom cloud produced by a nuclear bomb. This cloud has spread the ash and debris over large areas and in different directions. These crystallized due to the effect of temperature, giving shape to these wonderful rocks with special characteristics and with abundant holes produced by the escape of gases during the cooling stage. This degassing phenomenon made the rock very easy to carve by the Puna winds, arid and harsh winds that move freely through the region, becoming the best and most prominent Andean rock sculptors.

This strange landscape of white labyrinths and climbing dunes is found a few kilometers to the west, on a track along which the path continues through some sandbanks that could be described as an explorer’s dream…an overlanding adventure. We will return to the hotel, just in time to enjoy the impressive views of the sunset from the town.

Night at the Hostería de Altura El Peñón.

With an early start, we will drive in direction to Antofagasta de la Sierra as we enter the región of Real Grande (4050 meters), where traces of the first settlements of the Puna can be found in ancient petroglyphs dated to the year 10000 B.P. This point is also the entrance to the Cerro Galán Caldera from the Northwest.

Cerro Galán is the largest volcanic caldera in the Andes Mountains and one of the largest in the world. Its dimensions are 34 km from north to south and 24 km from east to west, and it is the result of an extreme plinian eruption that occurred 2.2 million years ago.

Its identification as a volcanic caldera was made using satellite photographs, since its elliptical shape is too large to be appreciated from the ground. Its walls reach 5,000 meters of altitude and the central peak 5,912 meters, while its floor is at 4,500 meters of altitude. At its southwestern ende, the Caldera contains a lake known as Laguna Diamante, which is home to flamingos and ducks, which are protected from the wind and this extremely harsh environment, by the walls of the caldera.

Our path will lead us to another high altitude Andean lake known as Laguna Grande Reserve, a saline lake located at an altitude of 4150 meters. During winter, the water freezes completely, but when spring arrives, it becomes the largest gathering center of the Puna flamingo birds, also called Small Parina (Phoenicopterus jamesi), with more than 19,000 birds (25% of the known total population). In summer, it is also a meeting place for the Andean flamingo (Phoenicopterus andinus) and it is a common nesting site of Southern flamenco (Phoenicopterus chilensis).

We will drive back to El Peñón with the perfect warm light of sunset.

Night at the Hostería de Altura El Peñón.

Antofalla derives from the native language Kunza and means town where the sun dies. Getting there from El Peñón involves climbing mountains to the Abra de los Colorados at 4,667 masl along a road that was only inaugurated in 1989.
The largest Oasis in the Puna, the Salar de Antofalla, is the longest salar in the world, its width never exceeds 12 kilometers.
The extreme southeast of the Salar de Antofalla is a hyper-arid place with extraordinary tertiary salt formations that can be reached from Antofagasta de la Sierra or from Salta territory following the Arizaro salt flat to the south. It is one of the most inhospitable and inaccessible places in the Argentine Puna.
The salt flat nestled between the Sierras de Antofalla and Calalaste (the latter has an infinite number of unique colors), has an average altitude of 4,210 meters, with the maximum being 6,227 and the minimum being 3,270. Within this there is a formation of lagoons called “Ojos de Campo”, among them there is one that contains reddish waters. There is also a hot spring area that includes the isolated Botijuelas hot springs. The local community is open to tourism and offers home cooked lunches and homestay accommodation to experience life in one of the most remote corners of the world.

We will drive back to El Peñón with the stunning sunset colors of the andean mountains.

Night at the Hostería de Altura El Peñón.

After days of intense travel on the High Desert Plateau, the North West still has plenty of surprises. The paved road from El Peñón to meet Route 40 is a 150 km long yellow field of Paja Brava, white lagoons and a deserted narrow canyon filled with rich vegetation.

Then, we will do a quick stop in Cafayate, a pleasant town surrounded by green vineyards. In the afternoon with the best light of the day we’ll go across the Quebrada de las Conchas Gorge, 55 km of scenic sedimentary rock formations, dated from forty to a hundred million years old, with geological formations such as the Yacoraite or the Pirguas which are of great importance. Salta and its green valley will welcome us after five days of unique adventure.

Here our services end.

Our path will lead us first to a high altitude Andean lake known as Laguna Grande Reserve, a saline lake located at an altitude of 4150 meters. During winter, the water freezes completely, but when spring arrives, it becomes the largest gathering center of the Puna flamingo birds, also called Small Parina (Phoenicopterus jamesi), with more than 19,000 birds (25% of the known total population). In summer, it is also a meeting place for the Andean flamingo (Phoenicopterus andinus) and it is a common nesting site of Southern flamenco (Phoenicopterus chilensis).

Cerro Galán is the largest volcanic caldera in the Andes Mountains and one of the largest in the world. Its dimensions are 34 km from north to south and 24 km from east to west, and it is the result of an extreme plinian eruption that occurred 2.2 million years ago.

Its identification as a volcanic caldera was made using satellite photographs, since its elliptical shape is too large to be appreciated from the ground. Its walls reach 5,000 meters of altitude and the central peak 5,912 meters, while its floor is at 4,500 meters of altitude. At its southwestern ende, the Caldera contains a lake known as Laguna Diamante, which is home to flamingos and ducks, which are protected from the wind and this extremely harsh environment, by the walls of the caldera.

We will drive back to El Peñón with the perfect warm light of sunset.

Night at the Hostería de Altura El Peñón.